HPU Digital is Hawai‘i Pacific University’s institutional repository, led by the Library as a center of scholarship and innovation. It preserves and shares the academic work of HPU’s faculty, students, staff, and affiliates, reflecting the university’s diverse, global, and inclusive learning community. This initiative supports access, visibility, and long-term preservation of HPU scholarship and aims to connect the HPU community to academic and professional success.
Recent Submissions
Item Aquaculture and early life stages of the Hawaiian Potter's angelfish (Centropyge potteri)(2025-05-11)The Potter's angelfish (Centropyge potteri), a Hawaiian endemic reef fish, has long been prized in the global aquarium trade, with approximately 9000 individuals collected annually from the wild before Hawai‘i's 2021 ban on commercial aquarium fish collection. This study marks the first detailed description of aquaculture techniques with replicated results for the species, providing foundational data on larval growth and survival critical for advancing culture techniques for C. potteri and other reef fishes. By iteratively refining feeding protocols, survival rates to settlement improved from 0% to 3.4%, largely by addressing acute mortality points during feed transitions. Egg and larval development closely resembled other Centropyge species, with flexion between 14 and 21 dph, and settlement behaviors observed at ~60 dph. Spawning in captivity followed lunar cycles, with broodstock producing viable eggs nightly from December 2022 to May 2024. Larval rearing trials compared three feeding protocols along with the effects of egg stocking densities and live algae densities. Early development revealed critical vulnerabilities during feed transitions, particularly with newly hatched Artemia and dry feeds, which were mitigated by delayed introductions. Continuous live algae (Tisochrysis lutea) and adult Parvocalanus copepods through settlement were essential for success, while larger tanks (1000 L) improved survival by minimizing environmental stress compared to smaller tanks (200 L). The revised feeding regime supported the highest survival rates with algae densities of 75,000–150,000 cells/mL. The results emphasize the importance of diet composition and timing, environmental stability, and tank management for successful larval rearing. Future research should prioritize pathogenic bacteria control in live feeds and refining feed transitions to further improve aquaculture efficiency. This study aligns with efforts to transition the industry toward sustainable aquaculture practices, reducing pressures on wild populations and supporting reef conservation while offering a scalable model for aquaculture of other high-value reef fish species.Item How Environmental Policy Shapes The Aquarium Trade: Potter’s angelfish (Centropyge potteri) Larval Growth and Improved Culture Methods(Hawaii Pacific University, 2023)Item How Environmental Policy Shapes the Aquarium Trade: Potter's Angelfish (Centropyge potteri) Larval Growth and Improved Culture Methods(Hawaii Pacific University, 2023)The Potter's angelfish (Centropyge potteri) is a striking reef fish endemic to the Hawaiian archipelago, highly sought after by aquarists for its vibrant colors and unique characteristics. This species was once one of the most exported aquarium fish from Hawaii before a ban on fish collection for the aquarium trade. This research project investigates the larval rearing and growth of captive bred Potter's angelfish within the context of Hawaii's role and history in the aquarium trade, while concurrently examining the influence of environmental policies on the trade's sustainability. The study employs an interdisciplinary approach, combining laboratory trials with policy scenarios aimed at promoting sustainability. Five larval feeding regimes were tested, aiming to enhance the survival rates and growth trajectories of Potter's angelfish larvae. Morphometric and survival data were collected to monitor developmental milestones and assess the survival rate of reared individuals. Simultaneously, the research addresses the broader implications of Hawaii's environmental policies on the aquarium trade. The effects of Hawaii’s aquarium ban were assessed with regard to supply, demand, and prices of previously heavily exported species, Yellow tang and Potter’s angelfish. Interviews with stakeholders provide valuable insights into the perspectives and experiences surrounding the implementation and enforcement of these policies. A proposed policy scenario is presented with impacts on stakeholders described. The project's outcomes aim to contribute essential data to the scientific understanding of Potter's angelfish larval biology and rearing requirements, thereby informing future larviculture research and potential conservation strategies for this iconic species. Additionally, the study assesses the role of environmental policies in shaping the sustainability of the aquarium trade in Hawaii, with implications for global marine conservation efforts. The integration of scientific findings and stakeholder perspectives ensures a holistic approach to addressing the complex interplay between the aquarium industry, marine ornamental aquaculture, and regulatory frameworks in Hawaii.Item Using Corpora to Teach English Amplifiers in ESL/EFL Classrooms(Hawaii Pacific University, 2014)Item Employing Apple's Siri to practice pronunciation: A preliminary study on Arabic speakers(Hawaii Pacific University, 2015)
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